International Marketing of Ikea Essay

skirt of ContentsTable of Contents11. Executive Summary12. Introduction13. internationalisticization24. Foreign Market Segmentation and Tar spring uping35. environmental analytic thinking55.1 SWOT Analysis65.2 Environmental Analysis of Host Country- mainland mainland chinaw be85.3 From the perspective of IKEA International Group106. International Marketing Objectives117. Foreign Market Entry St trampgy118. Product/ instigateer flux proviso148.1 Product adaptation148.2 Product publimetropolis158.3 Product monetary value158.4 New harvest-festival suppuration168.5 Market elabo come inness168.6 Service Mix169. stopping point17Appendices181. Executive SummaryThis decl ar emphasizings on the abbreviation of the overseas intricacy of the global brandmark breakd IKEA, who has already built a competitive favor in the international furniture competition. It has the largest circumstances of martplace share and got extensive mastery in Europe which leads it to hit the ceili ng to Asia and former(a) market of the institution. Analysis of exclusively the environmental aspects in mainland china shows that chinaware is the best land to invest in, although at that place are remedy to a greater extent or less processlessnesses and threats exists.2. IntroductionIKEA is the creations largest furniture seller which founded in 1943. In 2009, the worlds leading market research organizations of Interbrandselected into Global 100 Most of import Brands list, the IKEA ranked 28th for about 12 billion U.S. dollars in brand value, which is constantly increasing. IKEA gunstocks were founded in the rough important shopping areas of 240 stores in Europe, the mating America, Asia and Africa. IKEAs victory in the sell industry canister be attri thated to its vast experience in the retail market, output differentiation, and terms leadership. This report pull up stakes analysis the international marketing dodging of IKEA as follows aspects internation alization, unconnected market segmentation and training, internal and external business environment ground PEST and SWOT analysis, international objectives, outside marketing enter dodge and product/ servicing mix preparation.3. InternationalizationInternationalization appears when the company expands its R&D, production, selling and other business activities into globalization markets (Hollensen, 2004). IKEA assemblage is the closely internationalized sell of furniture worldwide. Ch shineman Ingvar Kamprad pioneered his start furniture in 1943. He spent almost ten social classs on building and evolution the brands from mail entrap business to furniture business in Swedish. In 50s of last century, forced domestic counterparts extrusion, IKEA was forced to go foreign to find suppliers of raw substantials, still to find low personify instead. This is the IKEAs first globalization of production attempt. Since in 1953, the first ab pass store was passed successfully in Danmark. thus IKEA rapidly expand to the whole European region. With the success of global sourcing, In the early 70s, the Swedish furniture market was stagnant, IKEA natur followlyy turn their attention to the international market.Then IKEA root began a huge globalization of market from that sentence. In the road of international expansion, IKEA Annual Report (2002) showed that Inter IKEA Systems B.V granted franchises as part of a detailight-emitting diode international expansion scheme. IKEA implemented the brand integrating strategy, in order to form the absolute control of the brand. IKEA is non confine with merely control of even the worlds largest furniture products transmit, IKEA group would hope that their own brands and its own proprietary products can eventu every(prenominal) last(predicate)y gallop the world. IKEA pioneered the brand integration model, which achieve the manufacturer brands and retail brands to fusion of technical brandsperfectly.Based on this concept, IKEA has been insisted all products by their own personally designed and afford the patent, each year much than 100 designers worked in the twenty-four hour period and night to ensure that all products, all of the patent in order to achieve all the products are marked Design and Quality, IKEA of Sweden targets. So for IKEA is concerned, it didnt spend a penny the so-called upstream manufacturers pressure, or any manufacturer could go on it so-called distribution chain prudence. In terms of IKEA is the worlds and success of the organization to put up both(prenominal) channel management and product management, its integrated brand strategy is the large list to the successful integration of industrial chain.4. Foreign Market Segmentation and Targeting first in this year, IKEA has opened many stores and market was very mature in the Europe. Until 1985 IKEA indomitable to enter the North America market. Although it didnt achieve success like experience across the Europ e in the beginning of in the USA, IKEA has adopted adaptive strategies according to topical anaesthetic actual situation. It got the finally success in the USA market. Forthwith it expended quickly in the Asia. IKEA has half dozen areas in the world until this instant, which is Europe, North America, Middle East, Asia Pacific and Caribbean. At present, IKEA is lifting the Asia market and existed markets baffle sextet countries. Three Asia countries are selected to penetrating and expanding by covering fire process as follows. IKEA had furniture market and wanted to expand in Singapore and China, In addition, Korea is very secure market for IKEA while not yet opened. Singapore is the dilateed country, but come under the world financial crisis and slump in global trade impact, this exceptionally open parsimoniousness (exports of dependables and services represent over 200% of GDP) GDP cut out by 9.5% from the first quarter of 2008 to the first quarter of 2009(Appendix 1).P rivate inlet fell from 2008s levels, which declined by 0.5%. In order to deal with weakness in private utilisation, government expenditure accelerated to promote and farm the publics consumption of 8.3% (Appendix 2). Korea is as well well-developed country in Asia. disrespect the world economic deep impact on Korea, Korea staged a strong recovery in 2009. GDP grew by 0.2% in the year (Appendix 3). Weak private consumption rebounded ahead early 2009 (Appendix 4), which is the most unequivocal switch in durable comfortablys and services. Consumersenmagazinent improved during the year. China, the economic rate and consumption rate are the spicy gearest over these Asia countries. GDP is forecast to win by 9.6% in 2010. Growth impart be stronger in the first half of 2010.China economic situation is superb (Appendix 5).Private consumption harvest-time is forecast to speed up to 12% in 2010, from 9.0% in 2009, responding to emanation incomes and improving consumer confidence (Appendix 6). Based on the above considerations, IKEA should consider consumption Asia market. In my opinion, China is worth of investment. Because of large area and population, IKEA should open in all capital cities in China. From opened the first store in 1998, IKEA developed slowly in China. According to the IKEA Web site, Chinas market identity is the largest supplier as a worth of 15 billion U.S. dollars market every year, not is the boastfullygest sales market. Currently, IKEA has 350 suppliers in China, 21% of the worlds goods from China. Because of Chinese consumer awareness of its own grade with IKEA dislocation, this is scarcely an important factor of the slow expansion of IKEA in China. With the rise of local home chains, as well as foreign opponents attack, to maintain the position in the Chinese domestic market, IKEA must expand. Publicly available data, now IKEA hold home products market in China account for 43% of the share. To sum up, IKEAs expansion and devel opment is necessary and very beneficial in China.5. Environmental AnalysisIKEA International Group, a furniture group aims to provide customers with variety of good-looking& affordable home products worldwide, is said to be an miracle of business in the last century. Now it has over 200 retail stores in over 30 countries. It pick ups considerable of analysis before entering foreign markets. 5.1 SWOT AnalysisStrengths of IKEA Well known in China. Chinese consumers k in the raw IKEA as a big brand before it entered China market, so this helps IKEA to enter Chinese market more(prenominal) smoothly. Highly written report. As IKEA is a globally brand, Chinese customers regard it more reliable than other furniture companies. Stable relationship. IKEA could get materials at a reasonable price due to the perpetual relationships that between IKEA and its suppliers. Plate packing.By using menage packing, IKEA could reduce cost from transportation and storage. Environmental protecti ve and healthy material for customers. What material IKEA choose are both environmental protective and healthy, which alter customers use IKEA products without trepidation. Weaknesses of IKEA Much reliant on Europe Market. 82% IKEA stores located in this region so IKEA lead have difficulties to face the Asia market. (Ikea fall in Kingdom (2005) www.ikea.co.uk Accessed 23rd Nov 2005) Unreasonable rout design. When shopping in IKEA you have to walk along the only aisle IKEA set and will get no steering to go backward. Whats more, you sboulder clay have to go along the aisle till the item you want although you have decided what to buy. This may cost customers much time on it. Inflexible promotion. receivable to the low price, in that location is no more room for IKEA to provide with promotions on products. High price for Chinese consumers. Although products price in Chinese market are almost lowest in the world, many Chinese consumers still can not afford them. IKEA should pric e the products based on the Chinese actual situation in order to get profit. Distribution problems. In China, popularization of cars is not high like IKEA other market, so it will take several daytimes for customers to wait for the distribution from IKEA and too they will be charged a high step of distribution pay for it. Opportunities of IKEA Variety in goods categories. There are about 9,500 star sign items in IKEA, which is far more than other furniture companies. Customers will have more chance to choose from when shopping at IKEA. Green IKEA. What IKEA advocated is that to live a green life so this can be a good point which attracts customers. Threats of IKEA Professional malls. but about big paid malls such as professional bathe mall, professional kitchen mall maybe one big threat, customers may prefer the professional mall when they just buy s in any casel or kitchen products. Other brands. There are many household brands in Chinese market now, such as B&Q, Macalli ne, and so on Some of them are local brands so they know Chinese market amend than IKEA. Change of customers needs. Customers needs willnot be the same all year long, IKEA have to research frequently and find out what is economic in order to charter profits.5.2 Environmental Analysis of Host Country- Chinapolitical systemChina is a socialist country provide by the Communist Party and a new Peoples Republic of China was established in 1949. In 1978, China initiated the revitalize and open policy which emancipated the mind of Chinese people and make them become innovated in the future. The year when IKEA has first entered Chinese market was 1998 and it was just the 20th anniversary since Chinese reform and open policy in 1978. As a growing socialist country, China is fresh to most people and groups in rest of the world and it is really of great electromotive force drop because it was more and more independent as China is developing day by day, many international groups have realized how potential the China market would be and then started to locate thither branch companies in China at that time. As a developing country, China will always persist in taking the positive attitude towards all the advantageous investments from abroad. In the incoming year 2001 China accessed to the World make out Organization successfully, which makes China a more open country and market. frugal environment in ChinaThere are 8 cities (in 6 provinces) (one of the eight is opening soon) in China where IKEA Group located its retail stores. Beijing, Shanghai, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Sichuan, etc. The forms below are showing the contrast of economical phenomenon between these locations and the rest. From the appendix 7 we can see the national average of fluid income in 2008 is about 15000yuan per capita, while the disposable income per capita in the six locations are mostly far more than the average figure. This means IKEA positioned itself in a more economic developin g area while its target customers have higher total income and disposable income. Appendix 8 is part of the household consumption expenditure by region in 2008.It is clear that the six IKEA retail locations are all at the higher level of the consumption of expenditure than other areas. The high consumption expenditure in these six locations shows more buying potential to products. Appendix 9 is part of the total investment in fixed assets in the whole country by status ofregistration and region in 2008.Most of the foreign investment in six provinces (Beijing and Shanghai are direct-controlled municipalities) are higher than other areas where IKEA didnt locate its retail stores at. This illustrates that the more the foreign investment an area has the more open the area will be, the more easily the people comply the foreign products and intellects. Social environmentDemographics Population and DensityChina has the largest get along of population in the world. In other world, it is the biggest potential market in the world. The eight cities where IKEA located his stores in all have large amount of population, especially Shanghai& Jiangsu& Guangdong because they are all along the coast in China. Places along the coast in China always have high density of population for thither are more chances to get gold and good development for individual at those places. Population stands for the purchasing force-out while more population means more potential purchasing magnate. Living standardsYouth in China are more open minded than before, they will after whatever they like from abroad. As the development of economic and the quickening pace of life some so-called uncontaminating collars in China dont have much time and money to buy some luxurious furniture and IKEA is a good choice for them because what IKEA initiates is primary, durable and affordable furniture. In China, it is a fashion save to buy furniture from IKEA. 5.3 From the perspective of IKEA Internatio nal Group IKEA located its Chinese headquarter in Beijing at the beginning when it came to China but in 2003 the headquarters moved to Shanghai because IKEA regards Shanghai a central city of China for it has the convenient sea transportation as well as the air transports which are advantages for IKEA, an international group couldnt live without transport. IKEA relocated its Asian headquarter from Singapore to Shanghai which shows the great appreciation to large potential market in China. 6. International Marketing ObjectivesAccording to the earlier analysis, the advantages and disadvantages for IKEA to develop in China are clear. Now IKEA have to make its marketing objectives in China market according to the analysis above. IKEA has high reputation among Chinese youth word of mouth can be a good way of advertising so its targeting audience should be youth person. In this case, lower the cost of operating a retail store is what should do next. The products in IKEA China are go od but the deliverance fee is terribly high. This will reduce the loyalty of customers. There are eight (one of the eight is opening soon) IKEA retail stores in China till 2010, as the World Exposition is coming, economic in Shanghai is expiry to greatly boom, so hope to open 1or 2 more stores outback(a) the central Shanghai next year would be better. As the previous analysis we can see there are still some cities have the potential to run a IKEA retail store so IKEA could take a few cities into account such as Hangzhou, Tianjin, etc.7. Foreign Market Entry StrategyHaving done all the analysis about chinas market penetration, we are now facing the decision of which foreign market entry mode to use. Several factors need to be mothern full scrutiny before we choose from the assort of entry modes. Internal factors are the deciding roles here in the strategy which should be considered with priority. They are mainly concerned with the firm itself. Ownership advantagesIt can be un ders similarlyd as asset-based advantages which include the firms vision ability, reputation, origin of country, potential of future growth and so on. Apparently, Ikea Group has both the tangible and intangible resources to enter Chinese market, even the brand name itself is a huge selling point. What the brand stands for are creative design, forcefulness and functionality, and all of the three are not quite transferable, thus the accomplishment cost here is high, so we urge joint gauge as its entry mode further into Chinese market. LocationHow the furniture be shipped from A to B onto the shelf for display is important, since it has much to do with the cost of the business. Since Ikea has entered into china, most of the furniture is imported from Sweden.Undoubtedly, this approach increases cost dramatically. Cooperate with local partner can help Ikea build good relationship with local suppliers. Further more, furniture manufacturing industry shows the tendency of transfer the production facilities to developing countries which offers relatively low labor cost, huge consuming market and stable political and economic environment (Capdevielle, Li & Nogal 2007) From this point of view, joint venture is a better choice which offer a great time and opportunity for Ikea boost its future plan of turning China into the confer center of in Asia. (Carpell 2006) Internationalization Experience & Global Strategy toward China According to Ikea website, up until August 2009, it had 267 stores and had trading service offices in 26 countries and 28 distribution centers and 11 customer distribution centers in 16 countries.(http//www.ikea.com/ms/en_GB/about_ikea/facts_and_figures/index.html). Ikea opened its first store in China in 1998, and in the past 12 years it had up to 7 stores in mainland China, most of which are joint ventures. Shenyang Store is coming soon, planed to open in the middle of the year. Ikea expects to have 10 large stores up and running in China by 2010. (The China business review, 7-8, 2004) It strongly proves that Ikea has confidence and dream in China. However, it is easier said than done. To accomplish its expectationIkea still got two more stores to construct. It should speed up in this plan. Considering this background, Chinas market penetration can greatly reduce cost and risk. External factors should also be given careful consideration. They are basically having things to do with the overall target market environment. Social-cultural FactorWhen carry out the penetration plan, marketers should be sleepless about Chinas specific features, such as the respective(a) cultures which is bred by the vast territory, various kinds of business practice, different consuming philosophies, and all of these are quite difficult for foreigners to grasp on. In entering into a new market, the region size, rate of market and potential purchase power shall be the determinant parameters, so a local helper is needed. Political/ Economi c FactorBefore china entered WTO, government requires all foreign company to cooperate with local partner in order to help domestic enterprise to developtheir business and learn the advanced management skills 1. Although the regulation had already been ended, not many firms shifted from joint venture to totally owned store. Although the trend for future stores is wholly owned mode, it is still too soon to risk all the Ikea stores switch to this mode. From all the above, we strongly cheer the next few stores to open in the east part of China use the entry mode of joint venture to further expand its market, and strengthen its place in China.8. Product/Service Mix PreparationProduct and service are the essential elements in the development of company, the product of IKEA is designed by the purpose of simplifying, and the service believes the rule of do-it-yourself. However, with the special culture, thriftiness and life style in China, IKEA should take some necessary change on its pr oduct, strategy, brand and service. 8.1 Product adaptationFirst, it is the endurance and practicability of product need to strengthen. Though IKEA has its own requirement and test on the shade of product, according to the latest research (Li 2009), it seems just aim at some special product, such as bedroom furniture, chair. Meanwhile, the equipment of kitchen class and bookcase are not as good as them. Thus, IKEA should pay attention to their entire product, every product needs to be test by certain standard. Second, IKEA has too much product, which makes the table of contents be also long. As there is too much choice for customers, it makes them nervous on how to choose the most suitable one. That is to say, IKEA needs to condense the table of product and makes it clear and simple, the customer would find the product they want first. 8.2 Product publicityIKEA used a lot of advertising in Europe and the United States, but there are so few in China and these ones are simple and bore d, it makes large number of people know little about its product. On the other hand, the product of IKEA use environmental protection of materials and advanced ones, but most customers do not know them, because IKEA has few actions to explain it in China, while it is doing enough publicity in Europe. Therefore, IKEA should put more dynamism and time on advertising and publicity, such as television advertising, as there is a very large population watching TV.Moreover, itis serviceable to support some event, for example, Sichuan Earthquake. Also it is important to make them interesting and attractive, it would give the design concept of DIY to the customers. 8.3 Product priceIKEA is well known as good quality and cheap price because of its centralized purchasing and professional logistics, and it makes most people have ability to buy them. But in China, the price is higher than others, this makes most customers just look them. So there are some useful ways help IKEA reduce the high price. First, it is necessary to build a new production base in China, as now the production base is in Malaysia, which provides the product to the Asia. This way would avoid the import tariff, because the import tariff in China is a big one. Second, it also helps IKEA reduce the transport costs, whether transport by air or by ship, the cost is not a small number. Third, there are many small finished factories in China, IKEA should take more material from them, not in overseas. What is more, IKEA should give them a certain size of order, this helps make the price lower for competition. 8.4 New product developmentAs it is known that there is a too lager population in China, it makes the house of China be smaller than other countries, it means that there are limited spacing for putting the furniture. Thus, a good idea for IKEA is to develop the new product that can be folded, it saves the space for customers, and this also makes the customers would buy more products due to it needs li ttle space. 8.5 Market expansionIn 1998, IKEA came into the Chinese market first in Shanghai, from then to now, it has pasted twelve years, but the number of IKEA place in China is only 7, meanwhile, it has 240 ones in the world. From the data, you can know the speed of its development in China is so slow. It loses much choice. Hence, IKEA should build many new shopping places in the important cities, such as the southeast of China, because the cities in this area develop fast and the consumption capacity of customers is suitable for IKEA. 8.6 Service MixThe service in Europe is do-it-yourself, but the situation is not the same inChina, most people in China do not have cars, so customers need IKEA provide home delivery service, IKEA do it, but the charge of it is high. For example, a customer buys a small chair of 79 yuan, but the cost for delivering is 60 yuan, it is not worth for customers. Therefore, IKEA should reduce the rate of delivering charge, and it is effective to provide the installation for free, as almost all of the competitors support the free installation. Another strategy is using some staffs to introduce and recommend the product for customers, because Chinese people is different from others, they like someone talk the information to them, sometimes they also accept the staffs selection on the product.9. ConclusionTo sum up, IKEA has become a successful international company with a wide range of products, and its global experience and unique strategy has led it occupy the large market share. But there are also some problems blocking its development in other countries because of the different culture, economy and lifestyle. So it is time for IKEA to carry out the new strategy on balancing its brand, product, service and management in order to expand new market, and take more advantages in the competition.